   
Section of Art Libraries
Multilingual Glossary for Art Librarians
English with Indexes in Dutch, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Swedish
2nd revised and enlarged edition 1996
In 1984 IFLA Section of Art Libraries published An Art Librarian's Glossary compiled by Ian Sheridan. A revised edition to take account of user's comments and suggestions was foreseen at that stage and in 1991 Sheridan's proposal for such a revised edition was accepted by IFLA on condition that indicators of gender for non-English words be included. The Art Libraries Section Standing Committee recognised this as an opportunity to do a thorough revision of the Glossary and four United States colleagues took responsibility for such a revision. They were Jean Shaw Adelman, Clive Phillpot, Beryl Smith and Susan Garretson Swartzburg.
They revised the scope of the Glossary on the basis that there are numerous specialised glossaries which cover fields such as Art History. They also supervised a first revision of the existing translations and provided translations for the large number of new terms, and made a start on providing indicators of gender. It was further decided that definitions for all terms should be supplied. In October 1994 the responsibility for finalising the draft for publication reverted to the Chairman of the Section who co-ordinated a final check of all terms and definitions.
The Glossary is very much a "work in progress". There are so many domains of specialised vocabulary that it is difficult to achieve a judicious balance among them to provide a useful and usable tool for librarians. The Glossary attempts to bring together these vocabularies of the bibliographer, archivist, antiquarian and curator, as well as the vocabulary of librarianship.
In the ten years since the first edition of the Glossary appeared the landscape in which we work has changed dramatically and this second edition of the Glossary begins to add terminology related to current practices and developments, for example adding terms such as diskette, e-mail, optical disk, etc. Attention is also given to the book as an object and to the other media in use in librarianship. On the other hand, this edition slimmed down the original selection of terms by the removal of terms relating to administration and holding of meetings, art historical terms and materials terms, all of which areas are well served by specialist glossaries. All the dictionaries, glossaries and other works consulted in the preparation of this edition are given in a Bibliography of Sources Consulted.
Although there have been significant changes in the contents of the Glossary, revised to be a tool for today, the purposes for which the first edition was compiled remain the same. They are eloquently rehearsed by Philip Pacey, that great inspirer in the field of communication who was the first Chairman of the Section of Art Libraries from 1981 to 1985. His Preface to the first edition is reproduced in this edition of the Glossary.
Ian Sheridan's Introduction to the first edition further elaborates.
"This Glossary is intended as a help to all art librarians when they are confronted, whether in their reading or correspondence, during conferences, visits, or simple conversations, with the need to understand or translate a specialised term in their field. It is concerned with removing barriers, sharing ideas, improving communications; it may help to clarify the meanings of terms which are understood differently even by speakers of the same language, and it is certainly hoped to remove some ambiguities between different languages.
The terms included have been drawn from the vocabularies of librarianship and of art... They can only be considered as a selection from the vast vocabulary potentially useful to art librarians. No one has the last word in a work on so organic and changing a phenomenon as language, and so this Glossary should be regarded as a beginning, a first step towards improving understanding, where many steps could follow. The problems are obvious: exact equivalents of some expressions cannot always be found in another language, whereas disagreement will always be found between speakers of the same language over which version of a term is more 'correct' or up-to-date. Some ideas have to be rendered by paraphrases which may not be entirely satisfactory in another language, but some attempt at conveying an idea is at least better than none, and may provoke useful discussion."
Group editing is a daunting endeavour. At the end of it one has learnt exactly what should have been requested in the first place. Collaborators could have been irked by constantly being bothered for further information and refinements. But their concern to get the best possible product within a reasonable time-scale was matched by that industry typical of the committed, and the good grace and good humour prevalent amongst librarians, the profession whose ultimate function is communication. Many busy professionals gave of their time. It is a pleasure acknowledging them.
First and foremost Philip Pacey who had the vision, and Ian Sheridan who manifested it. Without Sheridan's first edition or his work on a second edition there would not have been a Glossary at all. The editors of the new edition, Susan Garretson Swartzburg who co-ordinated the basic reformatting in collaboration with Jean Shaw Adelman, Clive Phillpot and Beryl Smith. Many people have been involved in the production of this edition of the Glossary in addition to this group. Members of the Standing Committee of the Section of Art Libraries have reviewed and focused drafts of the Glossary during IFLA Conferences in Moscow, New Delhi, Barcelona, Havana and Istanbul, providing considerable guidance for its editors. The first group of reviewers of the text in their respective languages were: R.E.O. Ekkart, Marianne de Voogt and Gosem C. Dullaart, Netherlands Institute for Art History, The Hague, Netherlands - Dutch; Marie-François Guillermin, Bibliothèque d'Art et d'Archéologie, Geneva, Switzerland - French; Wolfgang Freitag, Professor Emeritus, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. - German; Joseph Consoli, Rutgers University, New Jersey, U.S.A. and Mariagrazia Ghelardi, University of Florence, Italy - Italian; Angela Giral, Avery Library, Columbia University, New York, U.S.A. - Spanish; Charlotte Hanner, Institute of Conservation, Gothenburg, Sweden - Swedish.
The second revision for this Revised edition incorporated additional reviewers:
Nicole Picot, Bibliothèques et Archives des Musées Nationaux au Louvre, Paris, France, and Gillian Varley, National Art Library, U.K. - French; Dr. Bernd Evers, Kunstbibliothek, Staatliche Museen, Berlin, Germany, and John Meriton Coast, National Art Library, U.K. - German; Carlo Dumontet, National Art Library, U.K. - Italian.
The first formatting of the Glossary was executed at Rutgers University Library. Robert Sewell, Associate Librarian for Collection Development and Management, Rutgers University Libraries, is to be thanked for encouraging this project and providing support in time and services. The contribution of Rutgers University to the production of this glossary is considerable.
The final reformatting and design is the responsibility of my colleagues at the National Art Library, which increasingly resembled an IFLA Art Library Section factory and for which generosity the Victoria and Albert Museum must be thanked. In addition to the linguists acknowledged above thanks go to Russell Scragg who created proper bibliographical entries from the flimsiest references for the Bibliography of Sources Consulted. Special thanks go to Louise Smith who, mercifully assisted by the wizardry of the new technology, produced and managed many drafts of the work to ensure accuracy in language and latterly achieving a layout which is as easy to consult as possible. I am indebted to my colleagues Douglas Dodds and Gillian Varley with whom I endlessly discussed the intricacies of language, glossary construction and so forth; without their encouragement the work could not have been completed. I am likewise indebted to Beth Houghton of the Tate Gallery Library, London, many of whose invaluable suggestions helped to shape this edition.
Margaret Shaw, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, Australia, now the Special Adviser and former Chair of the Section, 1985 to 1989 provided unwavering support to the project, injecting experience, continuity and sagacity. Maggy Wishaupt, Royal Library, The Hague, The Netherlands, Chair of the Section 1989 to 1993, manifested great patience and leadership in encouraging the surmounting of misgivings and difficulties during the early stages of the project to revise the Glossary. Finally, homage must be paid to Jacqueline Viaux under whose Chairmanship of an IFLA Round Table of Art Librarians the current IFLA Section of Art Libraries evolved.
The membership of the Section have expressed a desire to extend the language coverage and it is hoped that future editions will add Japanese, Russian and Portuguese. Consideration is also being given to the possibility of including in a further edition an extensive list of Glossaries which tackle germane subject areas such as Art History, Conservation, etc.
Modern technology provides the possibility to make this a true work in progress. In addition to hard copy publication, the Standing Committee is committed to exploiting the potential of electronic communication, and it is envisaged that the Glossary will be launched on the Internet IFLA site as well as in hard copy. At the back of this document a form appears soliciting comments, corrections, modifications and suggestions for improvements for a next edition. Art librarians are urged to photocopy and make use of it.
Jan van der Wateren
Chairman
IFLA Section of Art Libraries
The language problem seems insoluble. Mankind's desperate need of communication and mutual understanding has inspired many well-meaning but surely mistaken people to campaign for a single world language, an Esperanto or 'everybody speaking English'. And yet every language, and indeed every dialect, is precious: essential to the identity of individuals, a people, a culture, every language enriches the world for all of us.
While the ideal must be some kind of Pentecostal 'gift of tongues' by which we are granted understanding of each other's speech, the best we can hope for, when we meet together, is 'simultaneous translation', in a mere handful of languages, and with its sometimes comical limitations, to supplement our own variously limited linguistic abilities. IFLA provides simultaneous translation in its 'official' languages in 'general' meetings, but not, unfortunately, in Section meetings; we art librarians are aware of the value of some linguistic ability even in our day-to-day work, and yet our different languages continue to hinder our communicating with one another. (I am only too aware of my own woeful deficiencies in this matter.)
The IFLA Section of Art Libraries seems to be a truly international association representing art librarianship worldwide. This Glossary represents the fulfilment of an objective included in the Section's first Medium Term programme, formulated at Manila in 1980; work on the Glossary commenced after the IFLA conference in Leipzig in 1981, and a preliminary list of terms was submitted to the Section at Montreal in 1982. The Glossary has been conceived and produced as a modest working tool which, we hope, will assist communication between art librarians, at least by helping to prevent misunderstandings. It can also be seen as a symbol - a symbol of our ideals and aspirations, but also as a symbol of the ways in which ideals have to be modified in practice. That it is limited to five languages1, and that it has an intrinsic English-language bias, reflect constraints and realities as distinct from aims and ideals.
That some constraints have been overcome to the extent of allowing the Glossary to be translated from an idea into an accomplished if imperfect fact is due very largely to Ian Sheridan, who has devoted to it much time and thought and the benefit of an enviable linguistic expertise. The ideal remains genuine internationalism, an internationalism which finds its guiding spirit in the phrase 'Vive la différence'. After all, our business is the arts, and the arts depend on boundless variety, on the richest range of expressive forms which humanity is capable of.
Philip Pacey
Chairman, IFLA Section of Art Libraries (1980-1985)
1984
1 Seven languages in the present edition.
- 586 English-language terms have been collected together, either as main terms or as cross-references.
- English English is the standard for spelling. American English variants are noted after the initial English term.
- English language definitions follow each term. Where appropriate an alternative English term is given in brackets after the main entry.
- To clarify some words a grammatical term - noun, verb, adjective - has been inserted after the term.
- Sometimes two meanings are given under one term; at other times the same term appears twice giving alternative meanings and translations.
- Equivalents of English language terms are given in alphabetical order of languages: Dutch, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Swedish. In every instance the language concerned is indicated, viz: DU, FR, GR, IT, SP and SW.
- Each term and cross-reference has been numbered. This will make it easy, amongst others, to provide non-English equivalents for cross-references in a future edition.
- A separate monolingual index is provided for each language, referring back to the number of the English language term or terms in the main body of the work.
- In format this edition identifies genders. The exceptions are English and Swedish. Swedish does not regularly use genders, rather dividing between the formal neutrum and its opposite, utrum. In practice and by tradition genders are therefore excluded in Swedish. The English language does not use genders either.
- The following abbreviations are used:
| f | = feminine |
| m | = masculine |
| n | = neutral |
| pl | = plural |
MULTILINGUAL WORKS
Bibliotekfaglig terminologi: et utkast: Kirsten Al-Araki ... [et al.] Oslo: Statens Bibliotekhøgskole, 1981. 2v. Thesis. Text in English, Danish, French, New-Norwegian, Norwegian and Swedish.
Clason, W.E. Elsevier's dictionary of library science, information and documentation. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier Scientific, 1976. 708 p. Text in English/American, French, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and German; with Arabic supplement.
ISBN 0444414755
Crespo Nogueira, Carmen, ed. Glossary of basic archival and library conservation terms: English with equivalents in Spanish, German, Italian, French and Russian. München; New York; Paris: K.G. Saur; International Council on Archives, 1988. 151 p. (ICA handbooks series; 4). ISBN 3598202768
International Council of Museums. International Committee for Documentation. Dictionarium museologicum = Dictionary of museology. Budapest: ICOM, 1986. 774 p. Text in 20 languages. ISBN 9635711743
Müller, Christian, comp. The art and antiques dictionary = Grand dictionnaire technique d'art et d'antiquités = Das Große Fachwörterbuch für Kunst und Antiquitäten. Bd 1. English-French-German. München: Weltkunst Verlag, 1982. 376 p. ISBN 3921669006
Rose, Cordelia. Courierspeak: a phrase book for couriers of museum objects; illustrations by Anna C. Blomfield. Washington DC; London: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993. 270 p. Text in English, French, German, Japanese, Russian and Spanish.
ISBN 1560981954
Swigchem, P.J. van and E. J. Slot. BDI-terminologie: verklarend woordenboek van Nederlandse termen op het gebied van bibliotheek en documentaire informatie, met vertalingen in het Engels, Frans, Duits, Spaans. Den Haag: Nederlands Bibliotheek en Lektuur Centrum, 1990. xlvii, 493 p. ISBN 9062521231
Thompson, Anthony, comp. Vocabularium bibliothecarii: English, French, German, Spanish, Russian, Slovak. 2nd ed. [Paris]: UNESCO, [1970]. 686 p.
Walne, Peter, ed. Dictionary of archival terminology = Dictionnaire de terminologie archivistique. 2nd rev. ed. München; London; New York; Paris: K.G. Saur; International Council on Archives, 1984. 212 p. (ICA handbooks series; 3)
Text in English and French with equivalents in Dutch, German, Italian, Russian and Spanish. ISBN 3598202792
Wersig, Gernot and Ulrich Neveling. Terminology of documentation. Paris: UNESCO Press, 1976. 274 p. Text in English, French, German, Russian and Spanish. ISBN 9230012327
DUTCH LANGUAGE
Gnirrep, W.K., J.P. Gumbert and J.A. Szirmai, comps. Kneep en binding: een terminologie voor de beschrijving van de constructies van oude boekbanden. Den Haag: Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 1992. 126 p. ISBN 9062590969
Prick van Wely, F.P.H. Cassell's English-Dutch, Dutch-English dictionary. 7th ed. London: Cassell, 1977. 2 v. (615; 736 p.) ISBN 0025228900
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Art & Architecture Thesaurus. 2nd ed. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Getty Art History Information Program, 1994. 5 v. (xxix, 458; 533; 586; 586; 546 p.) ISBN 0195088840
Association for Library Collections and Technical Services. Acquisitions Committee. Serials Section. Serials acquisitions glossary. Chicago, Ill.: American Library Association, 1993. 33 p. ISBN 0838976921
Bellardo, Lewis J. and Lynn Lady Bellardo. A glossary for archivists, manuscript curators and records managers. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1992. 45 p. (Archival fundamentals series) ISBN 0931828791
Carter, John. ABC for book collectors. 7th ed. New Castle, Del.: Oak Knoll Press, 1995. 224 p. ISBN 1884718051
Muehsam, Gerd. Guide to basic information sources in the visual arts. Santa Barbara, Calif.: J. Norton Publishers/ABC-Clio, 1978. x, 266 p. ISBN 0874362784
Murray, Peter and Linda. A dictionary of art and artists. 4th ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976. 494 p. ISBN 0140510141
The Oxford English dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press, 1989. 20 v. ISBN 0198611862
Roberts, Matt T. and Don Etherington. Bookbinding and the conservation of books: a dictionary of descriptive terminology; with drawings by Margaret R. Brown. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1982. x, 296 p. (National Preservation Program publication) ISBN 0844403660
Sheridan, Ian, comp. An art librarian's glossary. [The Hague]: IFLA Section of Art Libraries, 1984. [136] p.
Swartzburg, Susan G. Glossary In: Preserving library materials. 2nd ed. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1995. x, 503 p. ISBN 0810828533
Terrell, P., et al., eds. Collins German-English, English-German dictionary. London; Glasgow: Collins, 1980. 2 v. (xvii, 792; 790 p.) ISBN 0004334809
Walker, John A. Glossary of art, architecture and design since 1945. 3rd ed., rev., enl. and ill. London: Library Association; Boston, Mass.: G.K. Hall, 1992. [411] p. ISBN 0853656398
Webster's ninth new collegiate dictionary. Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1983 (reprinted 1990) 1564 p. ISBN 0877795088
Young, Heartsill, ed. The ALA glossary of library and information sources. Chicago: American Library Association, 1983. 245 p. ISBN 0838903711
FRENCH LANGUAGE
Atkins, Beryl T., et al., eds. Collins Robert French-English, English-French dictionary. London: Collins; Paris: Société du Nouveau Littré, 1978. 2 v. (xxvii, [2], 717; 781 p.) ISBN 0004334787
Dictionnaire de la photographie: index anglais-francais, allemand-francais. [Dictionary of photography]. Paris: Conseil international de la langue français, 1990. 255 p. Text in English, French and German. ISBN 2853192121
Faudouas, Jean-Claude. Dictionnaire technique des industries graphiques = Technical dictionary of graphic arts industries. Paris: Maison du dictionnaire, 1989. 300 p. Text in English and French. ISBN 2856080308
Ferment, Claude. Dictionnaire des termes de l'art: anglais-français & français-anglais [Dictionary of art terms : English-French and French-English]. Paris: Maison du dictionnaire, 1994. 490 p., [32] p. of plates. ISBN 2856080596
Girard, D., ed. Cassell's French-English, English-French dictionary. [14th ed.]. London: Cassell; New York: Macmillan, 1977. (frequently reprinted) 2 v. (xvi, 762; 655 p.) ISBN 0304522619
Mansion, J.E., ed. Harrap's new standard French and English dictionary, revised and edited by D.M. and R.D.L. Ledésert. Rev. and enl. ed. London: Harrap, 1977-1980. 4 v. v.1-2: French-English; v.2-3: English-French. ISBN 0245509720 (v. 1) ; 0245509739 (v. 2) ; 0245518592 (v. 3) ; 0245518606 (v. 4)
Salinié, Frances and Souad Hubert. Bilingual glossary of terms in librarianship and information science: English-French, French-English. London: Library Services, 1990. 372 p.
Schuwer, Philippe. Dictionnaire bilingue de l'édition: français-anglais = Bilingual dictionary of book publishing: English-French. Paris: Editions du Cercle de la librairie, 1993. 447 p. ISBN 276540500X
GERMAN LANGUAGE
Betteridge, H.T., ed. Cassell's German dictionary: German-English, English-German dictionary. Completely rev. ed. London: Cassell; New York: Macmillan, 1978. xx, 1580 p. ISBN 0304522929
Springer, Otto, ed. Langenscheidt's new Muret-Sanders encyclopaedic dictionary of the English and German languages: based on the original work by E. Muret and D. Sanders. Completely rev. ed. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1962-1975. 4 v. (Pt. 1: xxxvii, 1844 p.; Pt. 2: xxxvii, 2024 p.)
ITALIAN LANGUAGE
Rebora, P. et al., comps. Cassell's Italian-English, English-Italian dictionary. 5th ed. London: Cassell, 1965. xxi, 1096 p.
Sansoni-Harrap standard Italian and English dictionary. London: Harrap; Firenze: Sansoni, 1970-1976. 4 v. ISBN 024559633X
SPANISH LANGUAGE
Cassell's Spanish-English, English-Spanish dictionary = Diccionario espa_ol-inglés; inglés-español. Completely rev ed., revised by Anthony Gooch and Angel García de Paredes. London: Cassell, 1978. 1109 p. ISBN 0025229001
Martínez Amador, E.M. Standard Spanish-English dictionary. 4th ed. Barcelona: Ramon Sopena, [1967]. 1045 p.
Martínez Amador, E.M. Diccionario inglés-espanol, espanol-inglés [English-Spanish, Spanish-English dictionary]. Ed. revisada y ampliada. Barcelona: Editorial Ramon Sopena, [1969]. 1500 p.
SWEDISH LANGUAGE
Engelsk-svensk, svensk-engelsk ordbok [English-Swedish, Swedish-English dictionary]. Stockholm: Prisma, 1993. 2 v. (454; 467 p.) ISBN 9151826003
Kärre, Karl, et al. Engelsk-svensk ordbok: Skolupplaga [English-Swedish dictionary : school edition]. 3. omarb. uppl. Nacka: Esselte Studium, 1976. xvi, 973 p.
Prisma's modern Swedish-English and English-Swedish dictionary. 1st American ed. Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press; Stockholm: Bokförlaget Prisma, 1984. 2 v. (542; 394 p.) ISBN 0816613141
Prismas svensk-engelska ordbok [Prisma Swedish-English dictionary]. Stockholm: Bokförlaget Prisma, 1988. 2 v. (613; 622 p.) ISBN 9151822601 (v.1) 9151815354 (v.2)
Santesson, Rudolph, ed. Svensk-engelsk ordbok. [Swedish-English dictionary]. [2nd ed.] [Nacka]: Esselte Studium, 1986. xvi, 979 p.
Svensk-engelsk ordbok. [Swedish-English dictionary]. Stockholm: Läromedelsförlagen Språkförlaget, 1968. xvi, 979 p. (Svenska bokförlagets ordböcker)
Svenksa akademien. Svenska akademiens ordlista över svenska språket [Swedish Academy's dictionary of the Swedish language]. 11 uppl. Stockholm: Norstedts Förlag, 1986. 674 p. ISBN 9118637221
Svenska bokförlagets ordböcker: Tysk-Svensk ordbok [Swedish publishing terms: German-Swedish dictionary]. Norstedts: Svenska Bokforlaget, 1965. 867 p.
IFLA GLOSSARY FOR ART LIBRARIANS
- 1. ABRASION
- A rubbed or scuffed area.
| DU | - afgeschaafde plek (f) |
| FR | - abrasion (f) |
| GR | - abgeriebener Feck (m) |
| IT | - abrasione (f) |
| SP | - rozadura (f) |
| SW | - avskavning |
- 2. ABSORBENCY
- The property in paper which permits a sheet to take in the liquids it contacts. The amount of absorbency depends on the fillers and sizing introduced during the manufacturing process.
| DU | - absorberend vermogen (n) |
| FR | - absorptivité (f) |
| GR | - Saugfähigkeit (f) |
| IT | - assorbenza (f) |
| SP | - absorción (f) |
| SW | - uppsugningsförmåga |
- 3. ABSTRACT
- A brief summary of the content of a publication or of a journal.
| DU | - uittreksel (n); resume (n); excerpt (n) |
| FR | - résumé (m) |
| GR | - Kurzreferat (n); Zusammenfassung (f) |
| IT | - compendio (m); sommario (m) |
| SP | - extracto (m); resumen (m) |
| SW | - sammandrag; resumé |
- 4. ACADEMIC (noun)
- Teacher or scholar belonging to a body of higher education or a learned society.
| DU | - academicus (m) |
| FR | - professeur (m); universitaire (m/f); chercheur (m); chercheuse (f) |
| GR | - Akademiker (m); Akademikerin (f) |
| IT | - professore (m); professoressa (f); ricercatore (m); ricercatrice (f) |
| SP | - académico (m); académica (f); profesor (m); profesora (f); investigador (m); investigadora (f) |
| SW | - akademiker |
- 5. ACADEMIC (adj)
- Learned, scholarly.
| DU | - academisch |
| FR | - académique |
| GR | - wissenschaftlich; akademisch |
| IT | - accademico (m); accademica (f) |
| SP | - académico (m); académica (f) |
| SW | - akademisk |
- 6. ACADEMY
- A learned society for the promotion of art, literature, science, etc., established to provide instruction, to engage in intellectual life or the practice of an art, to set standards, disseminate information, and to confer prestige on its members.
| DU | - academie (f) |
| FR | - académie (f) |
| GR | - Akademie (f) |
| IT | - accademia (f) |
| SP | - academia (f) |
| SW | - akademi |
- 7. ACCESS
- The general ability to obtain and make use of materials.
- In computer-based information retrieval, the method by which a computer refers to records in a file, dependent upon their arrangement.
| DU | - toegang (m) |
| FR | - accès (m) |
| GR | - Zugang (m); Zugriff (m) |
| IT | - accesso (m) |
| SP | - acceso (m) |
| SW | - tillträde |
- 8. ACETATE FILM (Acetate base film; "Safety film")
- Film which has a base of cellulose acetate, diacetate, or triacetate; like nitrate film.
It is highly unstable.
| DU | - acetaat film (m) |
| FR | - film acétate (m) |
| GR | - Azetatfilm (m); Sichersheitsfilm (m) |
| IT | - film d'acetato (m); pellicola all'acetato di cellulosa (f) |
| SP | - película de acetato (f) |
| SW | - cellulosaacetatfilm |
- 9. ACID-FREE PAPER
- See also ALKALINE PAPER (19), PERMANENT PAPER (413)
- Paper with a low or zero level of acid. This does not imply that paper is alkaline-buffered.
| DU | - zuurvrij papier (n) |
| FR | - papier exempt d'acide (m) |
| GR | - säurefrei; säurefreies Papier (n) |
| IT | - carta non acida (f); carta esente da acidi (f) |
| SP | - papel exento de ácido (m); papel sin ácido (m) |
| SW | - syrafritt papper |
- 10. ACQUISITION
- See also SELECTION (502)
- The act by which libraries receive materials, i.e., by purchase, gift, or exchange.
| DU | - acquisitie (f); verwerving (f) |
| FR | - acquisition (f) |
| GR | - Erwerbung (f) |
| IT | - acquisizione (f) |
| SP | - adquisición (f) |
| SW | - förvärv |
- 11. ACTA; ACTS
- See PROCEEDINGS (454)
- 12. ADHESIVE
- A substance capable of holding materials together by a surface attachment.
| DU | - kleefstof (f) |
| FR | - adhésif (m), adhésive (f) |
| GR | - Klebstoff (m) |
| IT | - adesivo (m) |
| SP | - adhesivo (m) |
| SW | - adhesiv; bindemedel |
- 13. ADHESIVE BINDING
- See also PERFECT BINDING (409)
- A binding technique in which single leaves are held together using an adhesive rather than a sewn attachment.
| DU | - garenloos binden (n) |
| FR | - reliure par collage (f); reliure sans couture (f); reliure non cousue (f); reliure américaine (f) |
| GR | - Klebebindung (f); Lumbeck-Verfahren (n) |
| IT | - rilegatura a colla (f) |
| SP | - encuadernación adhesiva (f) |
| SW | - limmat bokband |
- 14. ADVERTISING
- Calling public attention to a product, service, event, etc., in publications, posters, television, etc.
| DU | - advertentie (f) |
| FR | - annonce (f); réclame (f); publicité (f) |
| GR | - Anzeige (f); Reklame (f); Werbung (f) |
| IT | - pubblicità (f) |
| SP | - anuncio (m); aviso (m); publicidad (f) |
| SW | - annons; reklam |
- 15. AESTHETICS [U.S. - Esthetics]
- Appreciation or criticism of the beautiful.
| DU | - estetica (f) |
| FR | - esthétique (f) |
| GR | - Ästhetik (f) |
| IT | - estetica (f) |
| SP | - estética (f) |
| SW | - estetik |
- 16. AIRBRUSH
- An atomizer for applying a fine spray by compressed air.
| DU | - airbrush |
| FR | - aérographe (m); brosse à air (f) |
| GR | - Zerstäuber (m); Spritzpistole (f) |
| IT | - aerografo (m) |
| SP | - aerografía (f) |
| SW | - airbrush |
- 17. ALBUM
- See also SCRAPBOOK (499)
- A book with blank pages used for assembling and presenting a collection.
| DU | - album (n) |
| FR | - album (m) |
| GR | - Album (n) |
| IT | - album (m) |
| SP | - álbum (m) |
| SW | - album |
- 18. ALBUM COVER
- A protective cover for a sound recording; may include important information about a performance or illustrative material.
| DU | - platenhoes (f) |
| FR | - pochette de disque (f) |
| GR | - Plattenhülle (f) |
| IT | - copertina di disco (f) |
| SP | - camisa de disco (f); bolsa de disco (f) |
| SW | - skivfodral |
- 19. ALKALINE PAPER
- See also ACID-FREE PAPER (9), PERMANENT PAPER (413)
- Paper having a buffer or reserve of alkaline substance, usually of from 10% to 20% precipitated calcium or magnesium carbonate.
| DU | - alkalisch papier (n) |
| FR | - papier alcalin (m) |
| GR | - alkalihaltiges Papier (n) |
| IT | - carta alcalina (f) |
| SP | - papel alcalino (m) |
| SW | - buffrat papper; alkaliskt papper |
- 20. ALL-RAG PAPER
- See RAG PAPER (461)
- 21. ALTERNATIVE SPACE
- Usually small-scale, independent organisations administered by artists for the exhibition of work that is often experimental and outside mainstream art movements.
| DU | - alternative space (m) |
| FR | - espace alternatif (m) |
| GR | - alternative Szene (f) |
| IT | - spazio alternativo (m) |
| SP | - espacio alternativo (m) |
| SW | - alternativ rörelse |
- 22. ANNOTATION
- A note accompanying an entry in a bibliography, reading list, or catalogue intended to describe, explain, or evaluate the publication referred to.
| DU | - annotatie (f) |
| FR | - annotation (f); note (f) |
| GR | - Anmerkung (f); Kommentar (m) |
| IT | - annotazione (f) |
| SP | - anotación (f) |
| SW | - annotation; anteckning |
- 23. ANNOUNCEMENT
- See also PRIVATE VIEW CARD (453)
- A public notification of a new exhibition or event; often the only printed record of an exhibition.
| DU | - aankondiging (f) |
| FR | - avis (m); annonce (f) |
| GR | - Anzeige (f); Ankündigung (f) |
| IT | - annuncio (m) |
| SP | - anuncio (m); aviso (m) |
| SW | - tillkännagivande |
- 24. ANNUAL (1)
- See also YEARBOOK (586)
- A book or journal published once a year.
| DU | - jaarboek (n); jaarlijks |
| FR | - annuaire (m) |
| GR | - Jahrbuch (n); Jahresschrift (f) |
| IT | - annuario (m) |
| SP | - anuario (m) |
| SW | - årsbok |
- 25. ANNUAL (2)
- See also BIENNIAL (68)
- An exhibition held once a year.
| DU | - jaarboek (n); jaarlijks |
| FR | - exposition annuelle (f) |
| GR | - Jahresausstellung (f) |
| IT | - mostra annuale (f) |
| SP | - exhibición anual (f) |
| SW | - årligt återkommande utställning |
- 26. ANTIQUARIAN BOOKSELLER
- See also BOOKSELLER (85), RARE BOOK (462), SECOND-HAND (500)
- A dealer in rare, out of print, and specialised books, prints, manuscripts, and related materials.
| DU | - antiquaar (m) |
| FR | - libraire spécialisé dans le livre ancien (m) |
| GR | - Antiquar (m); Antiquarin (f) |
| IT | - libraio antiquario (m) |
| SP | - anticuario (m); anticuaria (f); librero anticuario (m) |
| SW | - antikvariatsbokhandlare |
- 27. ANTIQUE (noun)
- A relic or object of older times or of an earlier period than the present.
| DU | - antiquiteiten (f) |
| FR | - antiquités (f) |
| GR | - Antiquitäten (f)(pl) |
| IT | - antichità (f)(pl) |
| SP | - antigüedad(es) (f) |
| SW | - antik; antikviteter |
- 28. APPLIED ARTS
- Practical arts.
| DU | - toegepaste kunst (f); kunstnijverheid (f) |
| FR | - arts décoratifs (m); arts appliqués (m) |
| GR | - angewandte Kunst (f); Kunstgewerbe (n) |
| IT | - arti applicate (f) |
| SP | - artes aplicadas (f); artes decorativas (f) |
| SW | - brukskonst; konstindustri |
- 29. APPRAISAL (1)
- The monetary evaluation of books, manuscripts, and works of art for insurance, tax, or other purposes.
| DU | - taxatie (f) |
| FR | - estimation (f) |
| GR | - Schätzwert (m); geschätzer Wert (m) |
| IT | - valutazione (f); stima (f) |
| SP | - avalúo (m) |
| SW | - värdering |
- 30. APPRAISAL (2)
- The process of determining value.
| DU | - waardebepaling (f) |
| FR | - estimation (f) |
| GR | - Bewertung (f) |
| IT | - valutazione (f) |
| SP | - avalúo (m) |
| SW | - värdering |
- 31. APPROPRIATION (1)
- The use of a pre-existing image(s) to form a new art work.
| DU | - ontlening (f) |
| FR | - appropriation (f) |
| GR | - Aneignung (f); Entlehnung (f); Aufnahme (f) |
| IT | - appropriazione (f) |
| SP | - apropiación (f) |
| SW | - appropriering |
- 32. APPROPRIATION (2)
- An amount of money made available by a governing body of a library or other agency for expenditure according to established budgetary and accounting practices.
| DU | - krediet (n) |
| FR | - dotation (f); crédit (budgétaire) (m) |
| GR | - Bewilligung (f) |
| IT | - impegno di spesa (m) |
| SP | - asignación (f) |
| SW | - anslag |
- 33. APPROVAL PLAN
- See also BLANKET ORDER (74), STANDING ORDER (527)
- An arrangement by which a publisher or a vendor assumes responsibility for selecting and supplying library materials to fit an institution's profile, but with some right to return.
| DU | - zichtregeling (f) |
| FR | - régime d'envoi pour examen (m) |
| GR | - Vereinbarung über Ansichtslieferungen (f) |
| IT | - materiale in visione (m) |
| SP | - en consigna (f) |
| SW | - böcker på påseende; till påseende |
- 34. AQUATINT
- A print resembling a water-colour, produced from a copper plate etched with nitric acid.
| DU | - aquatint (f) |
| FR | - aquatinte (f) |
| GR | - Aquatinta (f) |
| IT | - acquatinta (f) |
| SP | - aguatinta (f) |
| SW | - akvatint |
- 35. ARCHAEOLOGY [U.S. - Archeology]
- The scientific study of the material remains of past human life and activities.
| DU | - archeologie (f) |
| FR | - archéologie (f) |
| GR | - Archäologie (f) |
| IT | - archeologia (f) |
| SP | - arqueología (f) |
| SW | - arkeologi |
- 36. ARCHITECTURE
- The art or science of designing and constructing buildings.
| DU | - architectuur (f); bouwkunst (f) |
| FR | - architecture (f) |
| GR | - Architektur (f); Baukunst (f) |
| IT | - architettura (f) |
| SP | - arquitectura (f) |
| SW | - arkitektur |
- 37. ARCHIVE [U.S. - Archives]
- An organised body of non-current records and documents, received or originated in connection with the activities of an organisation, institution or individual, which are preserved because of their continuing value.
| DU | - archief (s); archieven (n)(pl) |
| FR | - archives (f) |
| GR | - Archiv (n); Urkunden Sammlung (f); Aktensammlung (f) |
| IT | - archivio (m) |
| SP | - archivos (m)(pl) |
| SW | - arkiv |
- 38. ARCHIVIST
- A person responsible for the acquisition, arrangement, description, preservation, interpretation, and service of archival collections.
| DU | - archivaris (m); archivaresse (f) |
| FR | - archiviste (m/f) |
| GR | - Archivar (m); Archivarin (f) |
| IT | - archivista (m/f) |
| SP | - archivero (m) |
| SW | - arkivarie |
- 39. ART
- See also FINE ARTS (237)
- The conscious skill of creative imagination necessary to produce aesthetic objects; works so produced.
| DU | - kunst (f) |
| FR | - art (m) |
| GR | - Kunst (f) |
| IT | - arte (f) |
| SP | - arte (f) |
| SW | - konst |
- 40. ART DIRECTOR (Production Designer)
- A member of an editorial team who has overall responsibility for the visual appearance of a publication, or publications, including layout, illustrations, etc.
| DU | - art director (m/f) |
| FR | - directeur artistique (m); directrice artistique (f) |
| GR | - Art Direktor (m); Art Direktorin (f); Produkt-Designer (m); Produkt-Designerin (f) |
| IT | - direttore artistico (m); direttrice artistica (f) |
| SP | - director artístico (m); directora artística (f); redactor artístico (m); redactora artística (f) |
| SW | - art director; konstnärlig ledare |
- 41. ART HISTORY
- See also HISTORY (271)
- The history of art.
| DU | - kunstgeschiedenis (f); kunsthistorie (f) |
| FR | - histoire de l'art (f) |
| GR | - Kunstgeschichte (f) |
| IT | - storia dell'arte (f) |
| SP | - historia del arte (f) |
| SW | - konsthistoria |
- 42. ART LENDING PROGRAMME [U.S. - Art lending program]
- A programme for the lending of art objects to the public.
| DU | - kunstuitleen (m) |
| FR | - prêt d'oeuvres d'art (m) |
| GR | - Kunstverleih (m) |
| IT | - programme di prestito d'opere d'arte (m) |
| SP | - préstamo de obras de arte (m) |
| SW | - artoteksverksamhet |
- 43. ART OBJECT
- See OBJET D'ART (380)
- 44. ART PAPER
- See COATED PAPER (140)
- 45. ART SCHOOL
- An institution that provides training in the creation of fine and decorative arts.
| DU | - Academie voor beeldende kunst (f) |
| FR | - école des beaux-arts (f); école d'art (f); académie de beaux-arts (f) |
| GR | - Kunstakademie (f); Kunsthochschule (f) |
| IT | - accademia di belle arti (f); liceo artistico (m) |
| SP | - escuela de bellas artes (f); academia de bellas artes (f); escuela de arte (f) |
| SW | - konstakademi; konstskola |
- 46. ARTEFACT [U.S. - Artifact]
- An object made or modified by human workmanship.
| DU | - artefact (n) |
| FR | - objet manufacturé (m); artefact (m) |
| GR | - Artefakt (n); Kunsterzeugnis(n) |
| IT | - manufatto (m) |
| SP | - artefacto (m) |
| SW | - artefakt |
- 47. ARTIST
- A person who practices one of the fine arts.
| DU | - kunstenaar (m); kunstenares (f) |
| FR | - artiste (m/f) |
| GR | - Künstler (m); Künstlerin (f) |
| IT | - artista (m/f) |
| SP | - artista (m/f) |
| SW | - konstnär |
- 48. ARTISTE
- A person who practices the performing arts; for example, a singer, a circus performer, dancer, magician, etc.
| DU | - artiest (m); artieste (f) |
| FR | - artiste (m/f) |
| GR | - Artist (m); Artistin (f) |
| IT | - artista (m/f) |
| SP | - artista (m/f) |
| SW | - artist |
- 49. ARTIST'S BOOK (Livre d'artiste)
- See also BOOK ART (78), BOOKWORK (89), ILLUSTRATED BOOK (283)
- A book conceived and/or produced by an artist; may include imagery conceived for the publication and/or text.
| DU | - kunstenaarsboek (n) |
| FR | - livre d'artiste (m) |
| GR | - Künstlerbuch (n) |
| IT | - libro d'artista (m) |
| SP | - libro de artista (m) |
| SW | - konstnärsbok |
- 50. ARTIST'S PROOF
- See also PROOF (456)
- Proofs numbered separately from an edition but often made at the same time as the edition, for the use of the artist.
| DU | - epreuve d'artiste (m/f) |
| FR | - épreuve d'artiste (f) |
| GR | - Künstlerabzug (m); Probeabzug des Künstlers (m) |
| IT | - prova d'artista (f) |
| SP | - prueba de artista (f) |
| SW | - konstnärsprovtryck; provavdrag |
- 51. ASSEMBLAGE
- The use of non-art elements, often junk and/or debris, to form a work of art; works so produced.
| DU | - assemblage (f) |
| FR | - assemblage (m) |
| GR | - Installationen (f)(pl); Assemblage (f) |
| IT | - assemblaggio (m) |
| SP | - ensamblaje (m) |
| SW | - assemblage |
- 52. ATELIER
- See STUDIO (532)
- 53. ATTRIBUTION
- Ascribing a work to a particular artist or school.
| DU | - toeschrijving (f) |
| FR | - attribution (f) |
| GR | - Attribution (f); Zuschreibung (f) |
| IT | - attribuzione (f) |
| SP | - atribución (f) |
| SW | - attribution |
- 54. AUCTION CATALOGUE
- See SALES CATALOGUE (497)
- 55. AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS
- Materials designed to make use of both hearing and sight.
| DU | - audiovisueel |
| FR | - audio-visuel (m); audio-visuelle (f) |
| GR | - audiovisuell |
| IT | - audiovisivi (m)(pl) |
| SP | - audiovisual (m) |
| SW | - audiovisuell |
- 56. AUDIO-CASSETTE
- See CASSETTE (110)
- 57. AUTHOR
- A person or body responsible for the intellectual content of a work.
| DU | - auteur (m); schrijver (m) |
| FR | - auteur (m) |
| GR | - Urheber (m); Urheberin (f); Verfasser (m); Verfasserin (f); Schriftsteller (m); Schriftstellerin (f); Autor (m); Autorin (f) |
| IT | - autore (m); autrice (f) |
| SP | - autor (m); autora (f) |
| SW | - författare |
- 58. AUTHORITY FILE (Authority list)
- A collation of terms or names that serves as a standard for cataloguing purposes.
| DU | - lijst van voorkeurstermen (f) |
| FR | - liste d'autorité (f) |
| GR | - Normdatei (f) |
| IT | - authority file (f) |
| SP | - catálogo de authoridades (m) |
| SW | - auktoritetsfil; auktoritetslista |
- 59. AUTOMATION
- See also COMPUTERISATION (162)
- The use of mechanical or electronic equipment, often computers, to save mental or physical labour.
| DU | - automatisering (f) |
| FR | - automatisation (f) |
| GR | - Automatisierung (f) |
| IT | - automazione (f) |
| SP | - automatización (f) |
| SW | - automatisering |
- 60. AVANT-GARDE
- A new or experimental concept.
| DU | - avant-garde (f) |
| FR | - avant-garde (f) |
| GR | - Avantgarde (f) |
| IT | - avanguardia (f) |
| SP | - vanguardia (f) |
| SW | - avantgarde |
- 61. BACK (of a book)
- See SPINE (522)
- 62. BACK ISSUE (Back copy, Back number)
- See also ISSUE (noun) (308)
- A number or issue of a periodical preceding the current issue.
| DU | - reeds verschenen nummer (n) |
| FR | - ancien numéro (m) |
| GR | - ältere (zurückliegende) Nummer (Ausgabe) (f) |
| IT | - numero arretrato (m) |
| SP | - número atrasado (m) |
| SW | - tidigare nummer; tidigare häfte |
- 63. BACKING (1)
- In bookbinding, the process of sewing and shaping the spine of a sewn textblock.
| DU | - knepen |
| FR | - endossure (f) |
| GR | - Bearbeitung des Buchblockrückens (f) |
| IT | - indorsatura (f) |
| SP | - refuerzo (m) |
| SW | - backing; dubblera; stödja |
- 64. BACKING (2)
- In art conservation, a method of reinforcing a work of art on paper or canvas by applying a paper or fabric lining with an adhesive.
| DU | - doubleren |
| FR | - rentoilage (m) |
| GR | - doublieren; rentoilieren; aufziehen; hinterkleben; verstärken |
| IT | - foderatura (f) |
| SP | - refuerzo (m) |
| SW | - backing; dubblering; stöd |
- 65. BIANNUAL
- A frequency of every six months; twice a year.
| DU | - halfjaarlijkse uitgave (f) |
| FR | - semestriel (m); semestrielle (f) |
| GR | - halbjährlich |
| IT | - semestrale |
| SP | - semianual |
| SW | - halvårstidskrift; halvårsvis utgivning |
- 66. BIBLIOGRAPHER
- See also SUBJECT SPECIALIST (538)
- A scholar of books as physical objects.
- A compiler of bibliographies.
| DU | - bibliograaf (m) |
| FR | - bibliographe (m/f) |
| GR | - Bibliograph (m); Bibliographin (f) |
| IT | - bibliografo (m); bibliografa (f) |
| SP | - bibliógrafo (m); bibliógrafa (f) |
| SW | - bibliograf |
- 67. BIBLIOGRAPHY
- See also SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (534)
- The study of books as physical objects, as a means of determining the history and transmission of texts.
- The art of correctly describing books with respect to authorship, editions, physical form, etc.
- A list of works, documents, and/or bibliographical items, usually with some relationship between them.
| DU | - bibliografie (f) |
| FR | - bibliographie (f) |
| GR | - Bibliographie (f) |
| IT | - bibliografia (f) |
| SP | - bibliografía (f) |
| SW | - bibliografi |
- 68. BIENNIAL (1)
- An exhibition held every second year.
| DU | - biënnale (f) |
| FR | - biennale (f) |
| GR | - zweijährig; alle zwei Jahre (n)(pl); jedes zweite Jahr (n) |
| IT | - biennale |
| SP | - bienal (f), bianual (f) |
| SW | - biennal |
- 69. BIENNIAL (2)
- A frequency of every two years.
| DU | - tweejarig; tweejaarlijks |
| FR | - biannuel (m); biannuelle (f) |
| GR | - zweijährig |
| IT | - biennale |
| SP | - bienal (f), bianual (f) |
| SW | - publikation med utgivning vartannat år |
- 70. BIMONTHLY
- A frequency of every two months.
| DU | - tweemaandelijks |
| FR | - bimestriel (m); bimestrielle (f) |
| GR | - zweimonatlich |
| IT | - bimensile |
| SP | - bimensual |
| SW | - två gånger i månaden; varannan vecka |
- 71. BINDER
- A person who binds books.
| DU | - binder (m) |
| FR | - relieur (m); relieuse (f) |
| GR | - Buchbinder (m); Buchbinderin (f) |
| IT | - rilegatore (m); rilegatrice (f); legatore (m); legatrice (f) |
| SP | - encuadernador (m); encuadernadora (f) |
| SW | - bokbindare |
- 72. BINDING (Bookbinding) (1)
- In book production, the process of assembling the finished book; the concept of securing the leaves of sections of a text so as to keep them in proper order and protect them.
| DU | - boekbinden |
| FR | - reliure (f) |
| GR | - buchbinden; binden |
| IT | - legatura (f); rilegatura (f) |
| SP | - encuadernación (f) |
| SW | - bokbindning; bokband |
- 73. BINDING (Bookbinding) (2)
- The covering of a book which holds the sheets together to provide protection.
| DU | - boekband (m) |
| FR | - reliure (f) |
| GR | - Einband (m); Bucheinband (m) |
| IT | - legatura (f); rilegatura (f) |
| SP | - encuadernación (f) |
| SW | - bokband |
- 74. BLANKET ORDER
- See also APPROVAL PLAN (33), STANDING ORDER (527)
- A plan in which a publisher or vendor agrees to supply all publications defined by the library as issued, generally without return privileges.
| DU | - blanket order |
| FR | - commande globale (f); envoi d'office (m) |
| GR | - Blanket Order (f) |
| IT | - blanket order (m); ordine globale (m) |
| SP | - pedido global (m) |
| SW | - stående order |
- 75. BLUEPRINT
- A photographic print with a white image on a blue background, most often used to copy maps, mechanical drawings and architectural plans.
| DU | - blauwdruk (m) |
| FR | - bleu (m); ozalid (m) |
| GR | - Blaupause (f) |
| IT | - cianografia (f) |
| SP | - cianotipo (m); copia cianográfica (f) |
| SW | - blåtryck; blåkopia |
- 76. BOARDS
- The generic name for a stiff, thick paper used for book covers.
| DU | - plat (n); bord (n) |
| FR | - plats (m); carton de plat (m) |
| GR | - Buchdeckel (m); Pappdeckel (m); Pappband (m) |
| IT | - piatti (m)(pl) |
| SP | - tapas (f)(pl) |
| SW | - pärmpapp; kartong |
- 77. BOOK (Codex)
- A collection of leaves of paper, parchment, or other material, affixed in sequence.
| DU | - boek (n) |
| FR | - livre (m) |
| GR | - Buch (n) |
| IT | - libro (m) |
| SP | - libro (m) |
| SW | - bok |
- 78. BOOK ART
- See also ARTIST'S BOOK (49), BOOKWORK (89)
- Art which makes use of the book format.
| DU | - boekkunst (f) |
| FR | - livre d'artiste (m) |
| GR | - Buchkunst (f) |
| IT | - arte del libro (f) |
| SP | - arte del libro (f) |
| SW | - bokkonst |
- 79. BOOK JACKET (Dust jacket, Wrapper)
- See also SLEEVE (511)
- A detachable protective paper cover for a book which folds around the binding with the ends tucked in between the cover boards and the free end paper.
| DU | - stofomslag (m) |
| FR | - jaquette (f) |
| GR | - Schutzumschlag (m); Buchumschlag (m) |
| IT | - sopraccoperta (f); copertina di protezione (f) |
| SP | - camisa de libro (f); sobrecubierta (f) |
| SW | - skyddsomslag |
- 80. BOOK OBJECT
- See BOOKWORK (89)
- 81. BOOK REVIEW
- See REVIEW (490)
- 82. BOOKBINDING
- See BINDING (72, 73)
- 83. BOOKLET
- See also PAMPHLET (398)
- A small book consisting of a few sheets, usually with paper covers.
| DU | - boekje (n) |
| FR | - livret (m); opuscule (m); plaquette (f) |
| GR | - Broschüre (f); Büchlein (n) |
| IT | - libretto (m); opuscolo (m); brossura (f) |
| SP | - opúsculo (m); folleto (m) |
| SW | - broschyr |
- 84. BOOKPLATE (Ex-libris)
- A label affixed to a book to indicate ownership and, sometimes, its location in a collection.
| DU | - exlibris (n) |
| FR | - ex-libris (m) |
| GR | - Exlibris (n) |
| IT | - ex-libris (m) |
| SP | - ex libris (m) |
| SW | - exlibris |
- 85. BOOKSELLER
- See also ANTIQUARIAN BOOKSELLER (26)
- One who sells books; the proprietor of a bookshop.
| DU | - boekhandelaar (m); boekverkoper (m) |
| FR | - libraire (m/f) |
| GR | - Buchhändler (m); Buchhändlerin (f) |
| IT | - libraio (m) |
| SP | - librero (m); librera (f) |
| SW | - bokhandlare |
- 86. BOOKSHOP
- A place of business where books are the main item for sale.
| DU | - boekhandel (m); boekwinkel (m) |
| FR | - librairie (f) |
| GR | - Buchhandlung (f); Bücherladen (m) |
| IT | - libreria (f) |
| SP | - librería (f) |
| SW | - bokhandel |
- 87. BOOKSTACKS
- See STACKS (524)
- 88. BOOKSTOCK (Stock)
- See also HOLDINGS (272, 273)
- A collection of books in a library or bookshop.
| DU | - boekenbestand (n) |
| FR | - fonds (de livres) (m); collection (de livres) (f) |
| GR | - Buchbestand (m) |
| IT | - fondo librario (m) |
| SP | - fondo de libros (m) |
| SW | - bokbestånd |
- 89. BOOKWORK (Book object)
- Art object which makes reference to the structure of the book.
| DU | - boekobject (n) |
| FR | - livre objet (m) |
| GR | - Buchobjekt (n) |
| IT | - libro oggetto (m); bookwork (m) |
| SP | - libro objeto (m) |
| SW | - konstverk i form av en bok |
- 90. BORROWER
- A person who uses library materials on a loan basis.
| DU | - lener (m) |
| FR | - emprunteur (m); emprunteuse (f) |
| GR | - Entleiher (m); Entleiherin (f) |
| IT | - utente che prende in prestito (m) |
| SP | - lector con derecho a préstamo (m) |
| SW | - låntagare |
- 91. BREAKING COPY
- A book, especially a plate book, which is imperfect, thus may be dismembered so that plates and pages of typographical or artistic interest can be sold separately.
| DU | - knipexemplaar (n) |
| FR | - livre démembré (m) |
| GR | - Schlachtexemplar (n) |
| IT | - copia smembrata (f) |
| SP | - ejemplar desmembrado (m) |
| SW | - slaktexemplar |
- 92. BRITTLE BOOKS
- Fragile, easily broken, usually because the paper, boards, and adhesives are acidic.
| DU | - broos (f) |
| FR | - livres au papier cassant (m) |
| GR | - zerfallende Bücher (m)(pl); brüchige Bücher (n)(pl) |
| IT | - libri fragili (m)(pl); libri friabrili (m)(pl) |
| SP | - libros frágiles (m)(pl) |
| SW | - ömtåliga böcker |
- 93. BROADSHEET [U.S. - Broadside]
- See also FLYER (242)
- A large sheet of paper, usually printed on one side.
| DU | - vlugschrift (n); plano formaat (n) |
| FR | - feuille volante (f) |
| GR | - Einblattdruck (m); Flugblatt (n) |
| IT | - volantino (m); manifesto (m) |
| SP | - hoja volante (f); folleto (m) |
| SW | - ettbladstryck |
- 94. BROCHURE
- Printed and/or graphic material intended for promotional or publicity purposes.
| DU | - brochure (f); prospectus (n) |
| FR | - brochure (f); dépliant (m); prospectus (m) |
| GR | - Broschüre (f); Prospekt (m) |
| IT | - opuscolo (m); brossura (f) |
| SP | - folleto (m); prospecto comercial (m) |
| SW | - broschyr |
- 95. BUCKRAM
- Common term for a heavy weave cotton or linen sized cloth used for binding and box making.
| DU | - buckram (n) |
| FR | - toile buckram (f) |
| GR | - Buckram (m); Buchbinderleinwand (f) |
| IT | - tela rigida (f) |
| SP | - tela ahulada (f) |
| SW | - linneklot; styv kanfas |
- 96. BULLETIN
- A serial publication issued by an organisation or society.
| DU | - bulletin (n) |
| FR | - bulletin (m) |
| GR | - Bulletin (n); Mitteilung (f) |
| IT | - bollettino (m) |
| SP | - boletín (m) |
| SW | - bulletin |
- 97. CALL NUMBER
- See CLASS NUMBER (131)
- 98. CALLIGRAPHY
- Beautiful or elegant handwriting.
| DU | - kalligrafie (f); schoonschrijfkunst (f) |
| FR | - calligraphie (f) |
| GR | - Kalligraphie (f); Schönschreibkunst (f) |
| IT | - calligrafia (f) |
| SP | - caligrafía (f) |
| SW | - skönskrift; kalligrafi |
- 99. CAMERA
- A device with a light-proof enclosure for forming an image on a light-sensitive medium.
| DU | - camera (f); fototoestel (n) |
| FR | - appareil photographique (m); appareil-photo (m) |
| GR | - Fotoapparat (m); Kamera (f) |
| IT | - macchina fotografica (f) |
| SP | - máquina (f); cámara (f) |
| SW | - kamera |
- 100. CANON
- A standard of judgement or authority; in art history usually refers to a group of works accepted to have been produced by a particular artist or school.
| DU | - canon (m) |
| FR | - canon (m) |
| GR | - Richtschnur (f); Kanon (m) |
| IT | - canone (m) |
| SP | - canon (m) |
| SW | - kanon; norm |
- 101. CANVAS (1)
- A firm, loosely woven cloth.
| DU | - doek (n) |
| FR | - toile (f) |
| GR | - Leinwand (f) |
| IT | - tela (f) |
| SP | - tela (f) |
| SW | - duk |
- 102. CANVAS (2)
- A painting.
| DU | - schilderij op doek (n) |
| FR | - tableau (m) |
| GR | - Gemälde auf Leinwand (n) |
| IT | - quadro (m); dipinto su tela (f) |
| SP | - lienzo (m) |
| SW | - tavla; målning |
- 103. CARICATURE
- See also CARTOON (107)
- An exaggerated, distorted representation of a subject in art or literature.
| DU | - karikatuur (f) |
| FR | - caricature (f); dessin satirique (m) |
| GR | - Karikatur (f); Zerrbild (n) |
| IT | - caricatura (f) |
| SP | - caricatura (f) |
| SW | - karikatyr |
- 104. CAROUSEL
- A revolving container for transparencies, positioned on top of a slide projector, which allows slides to be projected in sequence automatically or by remote control.
| DU | - carrousel (m) |
| FR | - carrousel (m) |
| GR | - Karussellmagazin für Diapositive (Dias) (n) |
| IT | - carosello per diapositive (m) |
| SP | - bandeja para diapositivas (f) |
| SW | - diamagasin; karussellmagasin |
- 105. CARREL
- Small room or study desk or an enclosed study desk in an alcove of a library used for individual study.
| DU | - studiecel (f) |
| FR | - carrel (m) |
| GR | - Lesenische (f) |
| IT | - box di lettura (m) |
| SP | - cubículo (m) |
| SW | - studierum; studievrå |
- 106. CARTOON (1)
- A preliminary drawing for a painting, tapestry, etc.
| DU | - karton (n); modelblad (n); werktekening (f) |
| FR | - carton (m); esquisse (f); étude (f) |
| GR | - Karton (m) |
| IT | - cartone (m) |
| SP | - boceto (m) |
| SW | - kartong; utkast; skiss |
- 107. CARTOON (2)
- See also CARICATURE (103)
- A drawing intended as a satire.
| DU | - cartoon (m); karikatuur (f); spotprent (f) |
| FR | - dessin humoristique (m) |
| GR | - Witzzeichnung (f); Karikatur (f) |
| IT | - vignetta (f) |
| SP | - dibujo humorístico (m); caricatura (f) |
| SW | - karikatyr; karikatyrteckning |
- 108. CARTOON (3)
- Animated film.
| DU | - tekenfilm (m) |
| FR | - dessin animé (m) |
| GR | - Zeichentrickfilm (m) |
| IT | - cartone animato (m) |
| SP | - dibujo animado (m) |
| SW | - tecknad film |
- 109. CASE
- See also SLIP-CASE (516)
- The hard cover of a publication.
| DU | - bandzetter (m) |
| FR | - emboîtage (m); cartonnage (m) |
| GR | - Buchhülle (f); Kassette (f); Schuber (m) |
| IT | - coperta (f) |
| SP | - cubierta rígida (f) |
| SW | - omslag; bokkasett |
- 110. CASSETTE
- A standard container designed to hold microfilm or magnetic audio and video recording tape.
| DU | - cassette (f) |
| FR | - cassette (f) |
| GR | - Kassette (f) |
| IT | - cassetta (f) |
| SP | - cassette (f) |
| SW | - kassett |
- 111. CATALOGUE (noun) [U.S. - Catalog]
- See also EXHIBITION CATALOGUE (225)
- A file of bibliographic records, created according to specific and uniform principles of construction and usually under the control of an authority file, which describes the materials contained in a collection or library.
| DU | - catalogus (m) |
| FR | - catalogue (m) |
| GR | - Katalog (m) |
| IT | - catalogo (m) |
| SP | - catalogar (m) |
| SW | - katalog |
- 112. CATALOGUE (verb) [U.S. - Catalog]
- To list and describe.
| DU | - catalogiseren |
| FR | - cataloguer |
| GR | - katalogisieren |
| IT | - catalogare |
| SP | - catalogar |
| SW | - katalog |
- 113. CATALOGUE RAISONNÉ
- See also OEUVRE CATALOGUE (381)
- A complete, systematic and critical listing of all the known works of a single artist, providing comprehensive information, including provenance, for each work.
| DU | - catalogue raisonné (m) |
| FR | - catalogue raisonné (m) |
| GR | - Werkkatalog (m); kritischer Katalog (m) |
| IT | - catalogo ragionato (m) |
| SP | - catálogo razonado (m) |
| SW | - catalogue raisonné; oeuvreförteckning; beskrivande förteckning |
- 114. CATALOGUER [U.S. - Cataloger]
- A person who performs descriptive cataloguing and/or subject analysis and may also perform such related tasks as classifying, shelflisting, etc.
| DU | - titelbeschrijver (m) |
| FR | - catalogueur (m); catalogueuse (f) |
| GR | - Katalogbearbeiter (m); Katalogbearbeiterin (f); Katalogisierer (m); Katalogisiererin (f) |
| IT | - catalagatore (m); catalogatrice (f) |
| SP | - catalogador (m); catalogadora (f) |
| SW | - katalogisatör |
- 115. CD
- See COMPACT DISK (158)
- 116. CELLULOSE NITRATE FILM
- A flexible support or base used for photographic negatives and motion picture film from 1890 to the 1950s. It is unstable and flammable.
| DU | - cellulose nitraat film (m) |
| FR | - film nitrate (m) |
| GR | - Nitrozellulosefilm (m) |
| IT | - film di cellulosa (m); pellicola al nitrato di cellulosa (f) |
| SP | - película de celulosa (f) |
| SW | - cellulosanitratfilm |
- 117. CENSORSHIP
- The prohibition of the production, distribution, circulation, or access to a work on the grounds that it contains politically or morally offensive material.
| DU | - censuur (f) |
| FR | - censure (f) |
| GR | - Zensur (f) |
| IT | - censura (f) |
| SP | - censura (f) |
| SW | - censur |
- 118. CERAMICS
- Earthenware, porcelain, or brick products produced from a non-metallic material, such as clay or glass, fired at a high temperature.
| DU | - keramiek (f) |
| FR | - céramique (f) |
| GR | - Keramik (f) |
| IT | - ceramica (f) |
| SP | - cerámica (f) |
| SW | - keramik |
- 119. CHAPTER (1)
- A section of a book.
| DU | - hoofdstuk (n) |
| FR | - chapitre (m) |
| GR | - Kapitel (n) |
| IT | - capitolo (m) |
| SP | - capítulo (m) |
| SW | - kapitel |
- 120. CHAPTER (2)
- A section of an organisation.
| DU | - afdeling (f) |
| FR | - section (f); département (m) |
| GR | - Abteilung (f) |
| IT | - capitolo (m) |
| SP | - sección (f) |
| SW | - avdelning |
- 121. CHARGING SYSTEM
- See CIRCULATION SYSTEM (126)
- 122. CHROMOLITHOGRAPHY (Colour lithography) [U.S. - Color lithography]
- Lithographic printing in colours by means of separate stones or plates for the various colours, with some colours printed over others.
| DU | - chromolithografie (f) |
| FR | - chromolithographie (f) |
| GR | - Chromolithographie (f); Farblithographie (f) |
| IT | - cromolitografia (f) |
| SP | - cromolitografía (f) |
| SW | - färglitografi |
- 123. CHRONOLOGY
- A serial arrangement in temporal order.
| DU | - tijdrekening (f); chronologie (f) |
| FR | - chronologie (f) |
| GR | - Chronologie (f); Zeitrechnung (f); Zeitabfolge (f) |
| IT | - cronologia (f) |
| SP | - cronología (f) |
| SW | - kronologi |
- 124. CINEMA (1)
- A building in which films are shown.
| DU | - bioscoop (m) |
| FR | - cinéma (m) |
| GR | - Kino (n); Filmtheater (n) |
| IT | - cinema (m) |
| SP | - cine (m) |
| SW | - bio |
- 125. CINEMA (2)
- The art of film.
| DU | - filmkunst (f) |
| FR | - cinéma (m) |
| GR | - Filmkunst (f) |
| IT | - cinema (m) |
| SP | - arte del cine (f) |
| SW | - film; filmkonst |
- 126. CIRCULATION SYSTEM (Loan system)
- The method used to maintain records of library borrowers and of materials lent by a library.
| DU | - uitleensysteem (n) |
| FR | - circulation (f); système de prêt (m) |
| GR | - Ausleihsystem (n); Ausleihverfahren (n) |
| IT | - sistema di circolazione (m) |
| SP | - sistema de préstamo (m) |
| SW | - utlåningssystem |
- 127. CITATION (1)
- See also REFERENCE (472)
- A bibliographic reference.
| DU | - aanhaling (f) |
| FR | - référence bibliographique (f) |
| GR | - Zitat (n) |
| IT | - citazione (f) |
| SP | - cita (f) |
| SW | - referens |
- 128. CITATION (2)
- See also REFERENCE (472)
- A note referring to a work from which a passage is quoted or to some source as authority for a statement or proposition.
| DU | - citaat (n) |
| FR | - citation (f) |
| GR | - Zitat (n) |
| IT | - citazione (f) |
| SP | - cita (f) |
| SW | - citat |
- 129. CLAIM
- A notice sent to a dealer that an order or item ordered has not been received within a reasonable period of time.
| DU | - reclamering (f) |
| FR | - rappel (m); réclamation (f) |
| GR | - Reklamation (f) |
| IT | - sollecito (m) |
| SP | - reclamación (f) |
| SW | - reklamation |
- 130. CLASSMARK
- See CLASS NUMBER (131)
- 131. CLASS NUMBER (Classmark) [U.S. - Call number]
- A set of symbols identifying a particular item or items in a library collection expressing the subject contents of the item.
| DU | - classificatie-nummer (n); signatuur (f) |
| FR | - indice de classification (f); cote (f) |
| GR | - Signatur (f) |
| IT | - numero di classificazione (m) |
| SP | - signatura sistemática (f) |
| SW | - klassifikationsnummer |
- 132. CLASSIFICATION
- A series or system of classes arranged in order according to some principle or concept, purpose, or interest, or combination of such.
| DU | - classificatie (f); systematiek (f) |
| FR | - classification (f) |
| GR | - Klassifikation (f); Klassierung (f) |
| IT | - classificazione (f) |
| SP | - clasificación (f) |
| SW | - klassifikation |
- 133. CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE [U.S. - Classified catalog]
- A subject catalogue with primary arrangement of bibliographic records by the class numbers of a classification schedule.
| DU | - systematische catalogus (m) |
| FR | - catalogue systématique (m) |
| GR | - Systematischer Katalog (m); Realkatalog (m); Sachkatalog (m) |
| IT | - catalogo classificato (m) |
| SP | - catálogo clasificado (m) |
| SW | - ämneskatalog; systematisk katalog |
- 134. CLEARING-HOUSE
- An agency for collecting and disseminating information.
| DU | - documentatie-centrale (f); clearing house (n) |
| FR | - centre d'échange (m) |
| GR | - Dokumentationszentrale (f) |
| IT | - centro di documentazione (m) |
| SP | - centro de referencia (m); centro de documentación (m) |
| SW | - clearing-house; clearingcentral; avräkningscentral |
- 135. CLIENT
- See USER (564)
- 136. CLIPPING
- See PRESS-CUTTING (445)
- 137. CLIPPING FILE
- See CUTTINGS FILE (182)
- 138. CLOSED ACCESS
- See CLOSED STACKS (139)
- 139. CLOSED STACKS
- Areas where library and archival materials are housed, which are not open to users.
| DU | - gesloten opstelling (f); gesloten boekerij (f) |
| FR | - magasin fermé (m); magasin à accès réservé (m) |
| GR | - Magazinsystem (n) |
| IT | - magazzini (m)(pl) |
| SP | - biblioteca de acceso restringido (f); salas de reserva (f)(pl) |
| SW | - slutna magasin |
- 140. COATED PAPER (Art paper)
- Paper with a smooth, glossy surface produced by coating with china clay and casein glue, generally used for fine art books.
| DU | - kunstdrukpapier (n) |
| FR | - papier couché (m) |
| GR | - Kunstdruckpapier (n) |
| IT | - carta patinata (f) |
| SP | - papel cuché (m); papel estucado |
| SW | - konsttryck papper; behandlat papper; belagt papper; överdraget papper |
- 141. CODEX
- See BOOK (77)
- 142. COFFEE-TABLE BOOK
- A large, lavishly illustrated book.
| DU | - coffee-table book (n) |
| FR | - livre de prestige (m) |
| GR | - Bildband (m); Coffee-table Book (n) |
| IT | - libro di lusso (m) |
| SP | - libro de lujo (m) |
| SW | - presentbok |
- 143. COLLAGE
- See also ASSEMBLAGE (51)
- An artistic composition of pieces of flat material, pasted together.
| DU | - collage (f) |
| FR | - collage (m) |
| GR | - Collage (f) |
| IT | - collage (m) |
| SP | - collage (m) |
| SW | - collage |
- 144. COLLATE
- To examine a book or periodical volume leaf by leaf, and by signature, or section, to describe and verify number and order.
| DU | - collationeren |
| FR | - collationner |
| GR | - kollationieren |
| IT | - collazionare |
| SP | - colacionar |
| SW | - kollationera |
- 145. COLLATION
- The bibliographical description of the physical composition of a book.
| DU | - collatie (f) |
| FR | - collation (f) |
| GR | - Kollation (f) |
| IT | - collazione (f) |
| SP | - colación (f) |
| SW | - kollation; kollationering |
- 146. COLLECTION
- See also PERMANENT COLLECTION (412)
- A number of separate works or parts of works, not forming a treatise or monograph on a subject, combined and issued together as a whole.
- An accumulated group of materials or works having a focal characteristic.
| DU | - collectie (f); verzameling (f) |
| FR | - collection (f) |
| GR | - Sammlung (f) |
| IT | - collezione (f) |
| SP | - colección (f) |
| SW | - samling |
- 147. COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT
- The selection and acquisition of material for an expanding collection and decisions on the material to be included or excluded in that collection.
| DU | - collectievorming (f) |
| FR | - politique d'acquisition (f); développement des collections (m) |
| GR | - Bestandsaufbau (m) |
| IT | - politica d'acquisizione (f) |
| SP | - selección de libros (m) |
| SW | - beståndsutveckling; förvärvsplan |
- 148. COLLECTION MANAGEMENT
- The art and science of acquiring and organising (library) materials to make them available for use.
| DU | - collectiebeheer (n) |
| FR | - gestion des collections (f); organisation de la collection (f) |
| GR | - Sammlungsverwaltung (f) |
| IT | - amministrazione delle collezioni (f) |
| SP | - gestion de libros (m) |
| SW | - magasinsplanering; samlingsvård |
- 149. COLLOTYPE
- A photomechanical method for reproducing photographic images.
| DU | - collotypie (f) |
| FR | - collotypie (f); phototypie (f) |
| GR | - Kollotypie (f); Lichtdruck (f) |
| IT | - collotipia (f) |
| SP | - colotipía (f); fototipía (f) |
| SW | - kollotypi; ljustryck |
- 150. COLOPHON (1)
- Historically, the final page of a book or manuscript.
| DU | - colofon (n) |
| FR | - colophon (m); achevé d'imprimer (m) |
| GR | - Kolophon (n) |
| IT | - colofone (m) |
| SP | - colofón (m) |
| SW | - there is no special Swedish term |
- 151. COLOPHON (2)
- An emblematic design; a trade emblem or device of a printer or publisher.
| DU | - drukkersmerk (n); uitgeversmerk (n) |
| FR | - colophon (m) |
| GR | - Druckermarke (f); Signet (n) |
| IT | - marca tipografica (f) |
| SP | - sigla del tipografo (f) |
| SW | - kolofon |
- 152. COLOUR LITHOGRAPHY
- See CHROMOLITHOGRAPHY (122)
- 153. COMIC (Comic book, Comic paper, Strip cartoon)
- A sequence of illustrations containing a story, or stories.
| DU | - striptijdschrift (n); stripverhaal (n); beeldverhaal (n) |
| FR | - bande dessinée (f) |
| GR | - Comic-Heft (n); Witzblatt (n); Comic-Strip (m); B ilderstreifen (m)(pl) |
| IT | - fumetto (m) |
| SP | - tebeo (m); revista humorística (f); tira comica (f) |
| SW | - tecknad serie; skämttidning; seriebok |
- 154. COMIC BOOK
- See COMIC (153)
- 155. COMIC PAPER
- See COMIC (153)
- 156. COMMEMORATIVE VOLUME
- See FESTSCHRIFT (232)
- 157. COMMERCIAL ART
- See also GRAPHIC DESIGN (259)
- Artwork, such as illustration, photography, graphic design, prepared for predetermined commercial purposes, such as advertising and general promotion.
| DU | - commerciële kunst (f); reclamekunst (f) |
| FR | - art publicitaire (m); dessin publicitaire (m) |
| GR | - Werbegraphik (f) |
| IT | - arte pubblicitaria (f) |
| SP | - arte publicitario (m) |
| SW | - reklamkonst |
- 158. COMPACT DISK (CD)
- See also DISK (195), OPTICAL DISK (387), VIDEODISC (570)
- An optical disk on which programmes, data, images, and/or sound are stored in a digital format. The information can be retrieved using a CD player, sometimes connected to a computer. Audio CDs, CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory) and CD-I (Compact Disk - Interactive) are specific types of compact disk.
| DU | - compact disc (m) |
| FR | - disque compact (m) |
| GR | - Compact Disc (m); CD (f) |
| IT | - compact disc (m) |
| SP | - disco compacto (m) |
| SW | - kompakt skiva; CD-skiva |
- 159. COMPACT SHELVING
- Any type of shelving which is designed to increase the storage capacity of library materials to be shelved in a given space, such as draw-out shelves, mobile ranges, and swinging-case shelves.
| DU | - compact opstelling (f); compactus (f) |
| FR | - rayonnage dense (m); rayonnage compact (m) |
| GR | - Kompakt-Magazinierung (f); fahrbare Regelanlage (f) |
| IT | - scaffalatura compatta (f) |
| SP | - estanterías compactas (f) |
| SW | - kompakthylla; kompaktus |
- 160. COMPILER
- One who produces a collection by selecting and putting together matter from the works of various persons or bodies.
| DU | - samensteller (m); samenstelster (f) |
| FR | - compilateur (m); compilatrice (f) |
| GR | - Zusammensteller (m); Zusammentellerin (f); Kompilator (m); Kompilatorin (f) |
| IT | - compilatore (m) |
| SP | - compilador (m); compiladora (f); recopilador (m); recopiladora (f) |
| SW | - kompilator |
- 161. COMPUTER
- An electronic device which automatically performs prescribed sequences of operations on digitised data to achieve a desired end result.
| DU | - computer (m) |
| FR | - cordinateur (m) |
| GR | - Computer (m); Datenverabeitungsanlage (f); Rechner (m) |
| IT | - computer (m); calcolatore elettronico (m) |
| SP | - computadora (f); ordenador (m) |
| SW | - dator; datamaskin |
- 162. COMPUTERISATION [U.S. - Computerization]
- See also AUTOMATION (59)
- Equipping with computers.
| DU | - computerisering (f) |
| FR | - informatisation (f) |
| GR | - Computerisierung (f) |
| IT | - computerizzazione (f) |
| SP | - computarización (f); automatización (f) |
| SW | - datorisering |
- 163. CONNOISSEURSHIP
- Study and knowledge of a particular area of art.
| DU | - kenner (m) |
| FR | - specialité (f) |
| GR | - Kennerschaft (f) |
| IT | - conoscenza specializzata (f) |
| SP | - experto en arte (m) |
| SW | - expertis; specialkunskap |
- 164. CONSERVATION
- See also PRESERVATION (443), REPAIR (478), RESTORATION (485)
- The physical and chemical stabilisation and treatment of materials, including the restoration of rare and valuable objects.
| DU | - instandhouding (f); conservering (f) |
| FR | - conservation (f) |
| GR | - Erhaltung (f); Konservierung (f) |
| IT | - conservazione (f) |
| SP | - conservación (f) |
| SW | - konservering |
- 165. CONSERVATOR
- See also RESTORER (486)
- A specialist who has undertaken advanced training in the repair, stabilisation and restoration of materials, such as paintings, books, works on paper.
| DU | - restaurator (m); behoudsmedewerker (m) |
| FR | - restaurateur (m); restauratrice (f) |
| GR | - Restaurator (m); Restauratorin (f) |
| IT | - restauratore (m); restauratrice (f) |
| SP | - conservador (m); conservadora (f) |
| SW | - konservator |
- 166. CONSULTANT
- An expert in a specialised field brought in by a library or other agency for professional or technical advice.
| DU | - informatiespecialist (m); vakreferent (m); expert (m); adviseur (m) |
| FR | - consultant (m); expert-conseil (m) |
| GR | - Berater (m); Beraterin (f); Experte (m); Expertin (f) |
| IT | - consulente (m) |
| SP | - consultor (m); consultora (f) |
| SW | - konsult |
- 167. CONTEMPORARY
- Existing or coming into being at the same period of time; of today or of the present.
| DU | - hedendaags |
| FR | - contemporain (m); contemporaine (f) |
| GR | - zeitgenössisch |
| IT | - contemporaneo (m); contemporanea (f) |
| SP | - contemporáneo (m); contemporánea (f) |
| SW | - samtida |
- 168. CONTENTS
- See TABLE OF CONTENTS (543)
- 169. CONTINUATION
- A part of a publication issued in continuance of a monograph, serial, or series.
| DU | - vervolg (n) |
| FR | - suite (f) |
| GR | - Fortzetzung (f) |
| IT | - continuazione (f) |
| SP | - continuación (f) |
| SW | - fortsättning |
- 170. COPY (noun)
- See also REPRODUCTION (482)
- An individual exemplar of a book, document etc.
| DU | - exemplaar (n) |
| FR | - exemplaire (m) |
| GR | - Exemplar (n) |
| IT | - esemplare (m) |
| SP | - ejemplar (m) |
| SW | - exemplar |
- 171. COPY STAND
- A device used to hold a camera and secure the printed material to be photographed.
| DU | - reproduktiestandaard (m) |
| FR | - banc de reproduction (m) |
| GR | - Reproduktionsstelle (f); Kopierstelle (f) |
| IT | - planetario (m) |
| SP | - soporte para cámara de fotos (m) |
| SW | - kopieringsställ |
- 172. COPYRIGHT
- The legal provision of exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute a work, usually granted to the author, artist or maker of the work.
| DU | - auteursrecht (n); copyright (n) |
| FR | - droit d'auteur (m); copyright (m); droit de reproduction (m) |
| GR | - Urheberrecht (n); Copyright (n) |
| IT | - diritto d'autore (m); proprietà letteraria e artistica (f); copyright (m) |
| SP | - derechos de autor (m)(pl); propriedad literaria (f); copyright (m) |
| SW | - copyright |
- 173. COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT
- See LEGAL DEPOSIT (322)
- 174. CORPUS
- See also CATALOGUE RAISONNÉ (113)
- A body of work, complete and entire.
| DU | - corpus (n) |
| FR | - corpus (m); oeuvre complète (f) |
| GR | - Korpus (n); Korpuswerk (n); Gesamtwerk (n) |
| IT | - corpus (m) |
| SP | - cuerpo (m); corpus (m) |
| SW | - samlingsverk; samlad produktion; korpus |
- 175. CRAFT
- Creation of handmade objects intended to be both useful and decorative; objects thus produced.
| DU | - ambacht (n); ambachtelijk werkstuk (n); handwerk (n) |
| FR | - métier (m); artisanat (m); objet artisanal (m) |
| GR | - Handwerk (n); Kunsthandwerk (n) |
| IT | - prodotto artigianale (m); produzione artigianale (f); artigianato (m) |
| SP | - oficio (m) |
| SW | - hantverk; hantverksproduktion |
- 176. CRITICISM
- The evaluation and analysis of creative work.
| DU | - kunstkritiek (f) |
| FR | - critique (f) |
| GR | - Kunstkritik (f); Kritik (f) |
| IT | - critica (f) |
| SP | - crítica (f) |
| SW | - kritik |
- 177. CROP; CROPPING
- To trim; cutting down prints, photographs, or pages to a required size, often without regard for their original composition.
| DU | - kort afsnijden |
| FR | - découper |
| GR | - beschneiden |
| IT | - tagliare |
| SP | - encuadre (m) |
| SW | - beskära |
- 178. CROSS-REFERENCE
- A reference from one part of a book, catalogue, or document to another part where the same or related topic is discussed or recorded.
| DU | - kruisverwijzing (f) |
| FR | - renvoi (m) |
| GR | - Kreuzverweisung (f) |
| IT | - richiamo (m); rinvio (m) |
| SP | - referencia (f); referencia cruzada (f) |
| SW | - korshänvisning |
- 179. CURATOR (Keeper)
- A person who has the care and superintendence of something, especially of a collection, museum, gallery etc.
| DU | - conservator (m) |
| FR | - conservateur (m); conservatrice (f) |
| GR | - Kustos (m); Kustodin (f); Konservator (m); Konservatorin (f) |
| IT | - conservatore (m); conservatrice (f) |
| SP | - conservador (m); conservadora (f) |
| SW | - intendent; antikvarie |
- 180. CURRICULUM VITAE (Latin)
- Brief account of one's career and qualifications.
| DU | - curriculum vitae |
| FR | - curriculum vitae (m) |
| GR | - Lebenslauf (m); Curriculum vitae (n) |
| IT | - curriculum vitae |
| SP | - curriculum vitae (m) |
| SW | - curriculum vitae; levnadsbeskrivning |
- 181. CUTTING
- See PRESS-CUTTING (446)
- 182. CUTTINGS FILE [U.S. - Clipping file]
- See also VERTICAL FILE (567)
- A file where items, usually ephemeral and topical in nature, taken from various sources, including newspapers and magazines, are kept for information and reference.
| DU | - knipselverzameling (f) |
| FR | - collection de coupures de presse (f) |
| GR | - Zeitungsauschnittssammlung (f); Ausschnittsammlung (f) |
| IT | - collezione di ritagli |
| SP | - archivo de recortes (m); colección de recortes (f) |
| SW | - klippsamling; klipparkiv |
- 183. CV
- See CURRICULUM VITAE (180)
- 184. DATA
- Factual pieces of information.
| DU | - data (pl); gegevens (n)(pl) |
| FR | - données (f) |
| GR | - Daten (n)(pl) |
| IT | - dati (m) |
| SP | - datos (m) |
| SW | - data |
- 185. DATABASE
- A collection of digitally stored records.
| DU | - database (f) |
| FR | - base de données (f); banque de données (f) |
| GR | - Datenbank (f) |
| IT | - banca di dati (f); banca dati (f) |
| SP | - base de datos (f); banco de datos (m) |
| SW | - databas |
- 186. DE-ACCESSIONING
- See also WEEDING (577)
- The process of removing materials that are no longer appropriate or functional and their supporting documentation.
| DU | - verwijderen; afstoten (f) |
| FR | - retrait (m); èlimination (f) |
| GR | - ausscheiden; löschen |
| IT | - scarico (m) |
| SP | - retiro (m) |
| SW | - avlägsna; ta bort |
- 187. DE-ACIDIFY
- To neutralise the acidic components in paper and provide an alkaline buffer to counteract acidic build-up in the future.
| DU | - ontzuren |
| FR | - désacidifier |
| GR | - entsäuern |
| IT | - deacidificare |
| SP | - deacidificar |
| SW | - avlägsna syra |
- 188. DEALER
- An individual or company who buys and sells materials, such as antiques, works of art, or library materials.
| DU | - handelaar (m) |
| FR | - marchand (m) |
| GR | - Händler (m); Händlerin (f) |
| IT | - mercante (m); commerciante (m) |
| SP | - comerciante (m); tratante (m) |
| SW | - handlare; handlande; försäljare |
- 189. DECORATIVE ARTS
- Those arts involving the creation of works serving utilitarian as well as aesthetic purposes or involved in the decoration and embellishment of utilitarian objects.
| DU | - decoratieve kunst (f) |
| FR | - arts décoratifs (m)(pl) |
| GR | - dekorative Kunst (f); angewandte Kunst (f) |
| IT | - arti decorative (f)(pl) |
| SP | - artes decorativas (f)(pl) |
| SW | - dekorativ konst |
- 190. DEPOSITORY LIBRARY [U.S.]
- See LEGAL DEPOSIT (322)
- 191. DESIGN
- The arrangement of elements or details in an artefact or a work of art.
| DU | - vormgeving (f) |
| FR | - design (m) |
| GR | - Design (n); Formgebung (f); Gestaltung (f) |
| IT | - design (m) |
| SP | - diseño (m) |
| SW | - design; formgivning |
- 192. DESKTOP PUBLISHING
- See ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING (209)
- 193. DICTIONARY
- An alphabetically arranged reference book listing terms and/or names of a subject or activity with discussion of their meaning, derivation, and application.
| DU | - woordenboek (n) |
| FR | - dictionnaire (m) |
| GR | - Wörterbuch (n); Lexikon (n) |
| IT | - dizionario (m) |
| SP | - diccionario (m) |
| SW | - ordbok |
- 194. DIRECTORY
- A list of persons, organisations, or institutions systematically arranged, usually in alphabetical or classed order, giving addresses, affiliations, etc. for individuals, and addresses, officers, functions, and similar data for organisations.
| DU | - adresboek (n) |
| FR | - répertoire (m) |
| GR | - Adressbuch (n); Verzeichnis (n) |
| IT | - elenco (m); repertorio (m) |
| SP | - registro de direcciones (m); directorio (m) |
| SW | - addressbok; addressföreckning; adresskalender |
- 195. DISK
- See also COMPACT DISK (158), DISKETTE (196), OPTICAL DISK (387), RECORD (468), VIDEODISC (570)
- A round flat object, sometimes encased in a container, upon which data can be recorded and stored.
| DU | - disk (m); schijf (f) |
| FR | - disque (m) |
| GR | - Platte (f); Disk (f) |
| IT | - disco (m) |
| SP | - disco (m) |
| SW | - disk; skiva |
- 196. DISKETTE (Floppy disk)
- A small disk carrying a magnetic medium in which digital data is stored for later retrieval and use.
| DU | - floppy disk (m); diskette (f) |
| FR | - disquette (f) |
| GR | - Diskette (f); Floppy-Disk (f) |
| IT | - floppy disc (m); dischetto (m) |
| SP | - disco flexible (m) |
| SW | - diskett; floppy disk |
- 197. DISSERTATION
- See also THESIS (549)
- A detailed written discourse on a subject, especially one submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of a degree or diploma.
| DU | - dissertatie (f); proefschrift (n) |
| FR | - thèse (f); mémoire (m) |
| GR | - Dissertation (f) |
| IT | - dissertazione (m) |
| SP | - disertación (m) |
| SW | - avhandling; dissertation |
- 198. DOCUMENT
- Written, typed, electronically produced, or printed information.
| DU | - document (n) |
| FR | - document (m) |
| GR | - Dokument (n); Urkunde (f); Quelle (f) |
| IT | - documento (m) |
| SP | - documento (m) |
| SW | - dokument |
- 199. DOCUMENTATION
- The accumulation, classification and dissemination of information; the material collected or disseminated.
| DU | - documentatie (f) |
| FR | - documentation (f) |
| GR | - Dokumentation (f) |
| IT | - documentazione (f) |
| SP | - documentación (f) |
| SW | - dokumentation |
- 200. DRAWING
- A picture produced through the art of representing by line.
| DU | - tekening (f) |
| FR | - dessin (m) |
| GR | - Zeichnung (f) |
| IT | - disegno (m) |
| SP | - dibujo (m) |
| SW | - teckning |
- 201. DUPLICATE
- An exact copy or an additional or extra copy of a particular book or document.
| DU | - duplikaat (n); doublet (n) |
| FR | - double (m); copie (f); duplicata (m) |
| GR | - Dublette (f); Doppelexemplar (n); Zweitschrift (f) |
| IT | - duplicato (m); duplice copia (f) |
| SP | - duplicado (m) |
| SW | - duplikat; duplett |
- 202. DURABLE PAPER
- See PERMANENT PAPER (413)
- 203. DUST JACKET
- See BOOK JACKET (79)
- 204. E-MAIL (Email)
- Electronic mail is a communication system enabling computer users to exchange messages in electronic format on a network.
| DU | - E-mail (n) |
| FR | - messagerie electronique (f) |
| GR | - E-mail (f); elektronische Post (f) |
| IT | - posta elettronica (f) |
| SP | - correo electrónico (m) |
| SW | - elektronisk post; e-post |
- 205. EDITION
- See also REVISED EDITION (492)
- All copies of a book, print, etc., produced from substantially the same master, issued at one time.
| DU | - druk (m); editie (f); uitgave (f) |
| FR | - édition (f) |
| GR | - Ausgabe (f); Auflage (f) |
| IT | - edizione (f) |
| SP | - edición (f) |
| SW | - upplaga; utgåva |
- 206. EDITION DE LUXE
- See also COFFEE-TABLE BOOK (142)
- A sumptuous book; a book produced to be admired for its appearance rather than to be read.
| DU | - luxe-editie (f) |
| FR | - édition de luxe (f) |
| GR | - Liebhaberausgabe (f); Luxusausgabe (f); Prachtausgabe (f) |
| IT | - edizione di lusso (f) |
| SP | - edición de lujo (f) |
| SW | - lyxutgåva |
- 207. EDITOR
- A person who assembles and prepares materials for publication.
| DU | - redacteur (m); redactrice (f) |
| FR | - rédacteur en chef (m); redactrice en chef (f); editeur scientifique (m); éditrice scientifique (f) |
| GR | - Redakteur (m); Redakteurin (f); Schriftleiter (m); Schriftleiterin (f); Herausgeber (m); Herausgeberin (f) |
| IT | - redattore (m); redattrice (f) |
| SP | - editor (m); editora (f) |
| SW | - redaktör |
- 208. ELECTRONIC MAIL
- See E-MAIL (204)
- 209. ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING
- Publishing text or images in machine-readable format such as databases, compact disks, etc.
| DU | - electronic publishing (n) |
| FR | - publication assistée par ordinateur (f); P.A.O. (f) |
| GR | - Electronic Publishing (n); elektronisches Publizieren (n) |
| IT | - editoria elettronica (f) |
| SP | - publicación electrónica (f) |
| SW | - elektronisk publicering |
- 210. ELECTROSTATIC PROCESS (Xerox(TM))
- See also PHOTOCOPY (419, 420)
- A direct dry reproduction process for creating copies on ordinary paper in a machine.
| DU | - elektrostatisch kopieerprocédé (n) |
| FR | - xérographie (f) |
| GR | - elektrostatisches Kopierverfahren (n) |
| IT | - Xerografia |
| SP | - Procedimiento electroestático; Xerografia |
| SW | - fotokopiering; xerox |
- 211. ENAMEL
- To cover, inlay, or decorate, with an opaque vitreous composite which is fused to an object.
| DU | - emailleren |
| FR | - émailler |
| GR | - emaillieren |
| IT | - smaltare |
| SP | - esmaltar |
| SW | - emaljera |
- 212. ENCAPSULATION
- See also LAMINATION (315)
- Enclosure of a document between two sheets of polyester film, sealing it with pressure-sensitive tape, sewing, or by ultrasonic welding. The two layers support the sheet and allow it to be handled and viewed from both sides, and can retard deterioration.
| DU | - insealen |
| FR | - encapsulation (f); pelliculage (m) |
| GR | - Einkapselung (f); Einbettung (f) |
| IT | - incapsulamento (m) |
| SP | - encapsulación (f) |
| SW | - inkapsling; kapsling |
- 213. ENCYCLOPAEDIA [U.S. - Encyclopedia]
- A book, set of books, or disk, containing informational articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, or limited to a special field or subject; usually arranged in alphabetical order.
| DU | - encyclopedie (f) |
| FR | - encyclopédie (f) |
| GR | - Enzyklopädie (f); Konversationslexikon (n) |
| IT | - enciclopedia (f) |
| SP | - enciclopedia (f) |
| SW | - encyklopedi; uppslagsbok; uppslagsverk |
- 214. ENGRAVING
- An intaglio process in which the image to be printed is cut into a metal plate, block of wood or other surface.
| DU | - graveerkunst (f); gravure (f); plaat (f); prent (f) |
| FR | - gravure (f) |
| GR | - Gravur (f); Stich (m) |
| IT | - incisione |
| SP | - grabado (m) |
| SW | - gravyr |
- 215. ENLARGEMENT
- An enlarged print; usually refers to a paper-based print with an image that has been optically magnified from an original, smaller negative.
| DU | - vergroting (f) |
| FR | - agrandissement (m) |
| GR | - Vergrößerung (f) |
| IT | - ingrandimento |
| SP | - ampliación (f) |
| SW | - förstoring |
- 216. ENTRY
- An item in a list, catalogue, index, bibliography, etc.
| DU | - titel (m); catalogusnummer (n) |
| FR | - notice (f); entrée (f) |
| GR | - Eintragung (f); Aufnahme (f) |
| IT | - termine (m) |
| SP | - asiento (m); entrada (f) |
| SW | - katalogpost; post |
- 217. EPHEMERA (Printed ephemera)
- See also VERTICAL FILE (567)
- Artefacts, especially documents, produced for a particular purpose or occasion and not intended for preservation; especially printed material of interest for its appearance, association, design, or documentation produced in connection with art exhibitions, etc. Transient everyday items that are manufactured specifically for use and disposal.
| DU | - ephemera (pl) |
| FR | - épheméra (f) |
| GR | - ephemere Literatur (f); Verbrauchsliteratur (f) |
| IT | - materiale ef | |
